Yale Hahn Scholars

Inside the Hahn Scholars program’s push to recruit top STEM students

The Hahn Scholarship supports a small cohort of Yale students with research funding.

Staff Reporter & Contributing Reporter

With a cohort of just 10 top students each year, Yale’s Hahn Scholars program is a little-known aspect of the University’s push to recruit high-achieving students in STEM.

The Hahn Scholars program, which is run by Associate Dean of STEM Education Sandy Chang ’88, supports students with strong science and engineering research backgrounds. The program offers a “tight-knit cohort” of students the opportunity to start conducting paid STEM research at the University in the spring of their first year, according to Chang. Additionally, Hahn scholars meet with each other and Chang monthly, and work with University faculty for career-building workshops. 

Hahn Scholars also receive guaranteed funding — a stipend of $4,300 — for one summer of research. It is not possible to apply to the program, as Hahn Scholars are informed of their selection during the admissions process. 

“I’ve greatly enjoyed my experience as a Hahn Scholar,” said Lila Schweinfurth ’25. “I’ve loved learning from and connecting with others in the community, and Dean Chang has been an invaluable resource. The experience has helped me to grow as a researcher.”

Building a community of scientists is an integral aspect of the initiative. As part of the scholarship, students are required to participate in social events and research presentations hosted by the Hahn program. These events are intended to foster interactions between Hahn Scholars, Yale faculty mentors and others involved in research at Yale.

Chang said that when he became dean of STEM in 2017, the University already had programs committed to increasing diversity in STEM. Specifically, the Science, Technology and Research Scholars program offers advising, research funding, laboratory experience and other forms of mentorship to first-generation and low-income students and underrepresented minorities — such as women and gender minorities as well as students of color. 

However, Chang explained that the University needed a program to increase the number of top STEM students choosing to matriculate to Yale, aligning with the University’s larger priorities of honing its STEM offerings. The University at the time was offering a weekend of recruitment events specifically geared to STEM admits — the Yale Engineering and Science Weekend — but Chang wanted to expand this effort.

“We were losing top STEM students to MIT, Harvard and Stanford even though these students were exposed to YES-W,” Chang wrote in an email to the News. “I knew something more was needed.”

The Hahn program was endowed by and named for Scott Sang-Won Hahn ’94 in 2018. The first class of ten Hahn Scholars arrived in 2019. 

For the last two years, five of the 10 selected Hahn Scholars — in the classes of 2025 and 2026 — were Regeneron Science Talent Search Finalists while in high school. The Regeneron STS names the top 40 high school STEM scholars in the country. Before the Hahn program, the University “yielded only 1-2 Regeneron finalists” each year, Chang said. 

Hahn Scholars Schweinfurth and Ethan Chiu ’26 both said that the Hahn program was a significant factor in deciding between colleges.

For Schweinfurth, the smaller, tightly-knit community offered by the Hahn Scholar program helped motivate her decision to come to Yale. Having graduated from a high school with a graduating class of 76 students, Schweinfurth said she valued having a small group with which she could share her passion for research. 

“A big plus is that it gives you access to Dean Chang’s expertise in research,” said Lucy Zha ’25. “It’s very helpful as it takes away the stress for both the [principal investigators] and the students for finding funding for your projects.”

As a Hahn Scholar, Zha has been involved as a student researcher at the Yale School of Medicine with two different labs. Presently, she is studying the risk factors of long COVID-19 at the Gerstein Lab led by principal investigator Mark Gerstein. 

Zha echoed the importance of the program’s community, having found several close friends amongst the Hahn Scholars. Additionally, she emphasized that the program provided her a pathway to continue pursuing research after having been heavily involved in high school.

“My selection as a Hahn Scholar was definitely part of my reason for choosing Yale,” Chiu wrote in an email to the News. “With the opportunity to conduct paid research during my first-year, I’m able to dive early into exploring groundbreaking research … I chose the unique opportunity presented through Hahn over some of the other schools/programs I was accepted to.” 

While praising the program’s philosophy, Chiu identified aspects that could be improved going forward. His suggestions to make Hahn more appealing to cross-admits included expanded career opportunities, links with biotech and startups and personalized career development.

Chang added that many Hahn Scholars have already published in prestigious scientific journals, and that seniors are gaining admission into top PhD and M.D./PhD programs. 

Two of the three Yale students named as Goldwater Scholars are current Hahn seniors. For the next round of Goldwater Scholar awardees, three of the four total juniors nominated are current Hahn juniors. 

While programs like STARS seek to increase diversity within STEM fields, the Hahn program is about reaching and recruiting top students. Gender parity, however, is a factor when selecting Hahn Scholars; the program is matched at one to one for gender parity.

Other programs that seek to recruit highly proficient STEM students include the recently-expanded YES Scholars program, which offers guaranteed research funding to a larger pool of STEM admits. The YES program invites about 100 accepted students to join its ranks, with the 10 most proficient named Hahn Scholars.

Admitted students must accept or decline offers of admission by May 1.

ANIKA ARORA SETH  

Anika Arora Seth was the 146th Editor in Chief and President of the Yale Daily News from April 2023 until May 2024. Previously, Anika covered STEM at Yale as well as admissions, alumni and financial aid. She also laid out the weekly print edition of the News as a Production & Design editor and was one of the inaugural Diversity, Equity & Inclusion co-chairs. Anika is pursuing a double major in statistics & data science and women’s, gender & sexuality studies.
PRANAVA DHAR 

My Caltech Fly-in Experience…

— Tuyen Nguyen, St. Petersburg High School IB Program (St. Petersburg, FL)

Caltech Up Close

I enjoyed Caltech’s fly-in the most because we were put into groups with the admissions officer(s) assigned to our region and we were able to talk to them and ask lots of questions. Caltech is also a beautiful campus and the program provided a lot of freedom to explore the campus and the community. In the program, I roomed with a “host,” (i.e., Caltech student). Caltech offers eight houses (i.e., dormitories) to live in, and in my case, I stayed with my host in Page House. Through my nights there, I was able to experience the different personalities of each house and I was able to talk to current students in the common room and explore other houses.

Day by Day Schedule

Before my trip, I was provided the name and contact information of my host, to whom I was able to reach out. My host was a first-year and was from China. We had shared interest in the UPenn M&T Program. While she was not offered admission to the UPenn program, she was offered admission to Caltech. My host had a roommate who also hosted a Caltech Up Close participant from Illinois. So during my visit, there were 4 of us in the room. 

Following is the daily schedule for my three-day visit, with my departure from California and returning to Florida on the 4th day. 

Day 1

On the first day, my plane landed at LAX in the afternoon and I was driven in a private car to the Caltech campus. When I arrived, I was greeted by admissions officers who helped me with my luggage, gave me my information, and presented me with a Caltech goody bag. The bag contained a pencil sharpener, a pencil, a notepad, my departure bus information, a shirt, a water bottle, and a brain-shaped stress ball. I was also greeted by student volunteers, who were friendly and I was able to talk to them about their majors and interests. After our initial reception, we walked to the B122 Gates Annex, which is the food court. Their food court is relatively small compared to other schools, because they don’t have as nearly as many students as a larger university. The typical class is around 200 students, while the entire undergraduate population is only 1,000 undergraduates. Caltech has an additional 1,400 graduate students, which overall, is a smaller student body than many 4 AAAA high schools. At the Gates Annex, I connected with other Caltech Up Close participants and after we ate, we explored the entire campus. The campus was quiet and peaceful. The whole vibe is not that crowded and more of a low key vibe. One interesting feature of Caltech is its turtle pond. They have ponds in a part of campus and there are so many turtles that bask within the pond. The campus overall is clean and spacious. While I was there, I was able to see current students going to class, but it was not so overwhelmingly crowded. A lot of people tend to hang out in the area near the Gates Annex to eat and socialize. There is also another eating place nearby called the RedDoor and a lot of people socialize there. 

Later on, we met in Bechman Mall, which is a place in the Caltech campus, to break up into our groups and meet each other. The groups were divided by region and I felt that the small groups allowed us to bond with other Up Close participants from our region. I met all the 3 other high school students from Florida and we were an inseparable group throughout our time at Caltech. Overall, each region had a similar amount of students. The student group included a wide variety of people and I wouldn’t say that the officers were looking for a particular group other than students that showed an interest in STEM. After that, there was a student-led tour, where we were able to see the campus and ask questions. After the tour, we gathered to meet our hosts and go to the admissions house to grab our luggage and a sleeping bag that they provided. I had another CUCer with me so this was another opportunity for us to create connections. We had dinner in Bectel Dining Hall and sat for a session called “Caltech Up Front: Honest Breakdown of Caltech” at the Gates Annex. Afterward, the admissions officers surprised us with boba (which is a bubble tea). Throughout the trip, it was evident that the school had spent a lot of time, energy, and money on us CUCers. Clearly, fly-in programs are exceptional all-expenses paid opportunities to visit and get to know schools. The airfare and other travel-related expenses to bring students from our region to Florida alone would have amounted to a significant amount of money.  

The facilities in Page House were shared showers and bathrooms on each floor separated by gender. The house was quite large. There were two stories and it was very spacious. The houses are almost like a maze in a way because there’s lots of hallways and different rooms and stairs. The dorm was normal-sized, around 6-8 feet wide and 15 feet in length. The dorm room sizes varied by houses and dorm rooms. Other dorm rooms I visited were larger. I don’t know exactly how many rooms and students, but there were an indoor and outdoor common area and kitchens on each floor. One thing that stood out was the attention that the Caltech organizers gave to details. They collected a form from each participant of our room preferences and our career/academic interests. They used the information that we provided to match us to our host student. My host had similar experiences and interests which allowed me to talk to her and ask a lot of questions about the things that were important to me in making my college choice. She was interested in STEM and business at the same time and was interested in Penn’s M&T program. To me, this meant that Caltech was doing more than simply bringing us to campus, but was intentional in cultivating a set of experiences that would help us to determine if Caltech was the right fit for us and the right campus community to begin our journey after high school. This concludes my first night since I slept early because I was exhausted from the day’s activities. 

Day 2

On the second day, we woke up early and had breakfast at Bechtel Hall. In the first part of the day, we sat for informational seminars. Throughout the entire experience, our admissions officers were with us and were available to talk to us. Following breakfast, the formal session began with a keynote address by Dr. Hosea Nelson, a professor and chemist, who shared his inspiring story. He was a high school dropout and worked a construction job. However, he went back to school, where he eventually received a Ph.D. in chemistry. He landed a teaching job at Caltech and turned down two job offers to work at Tesla because he loved chemistry and pursuing research instead. We learned about the CORE at Caltech. The CORE at Caltech is a core curriculum that allows students to have an equal playing field. It has required classes that all students must take and includes humanities classes along with a strong blend of STEM classes. During your first year at Caltech, all classes are pass/fail. We also had a student panel where they discussed their personal experiences with research and internships. We were able to explore their research in a fair. The morning concluded with lunch and then we traveled to Santa Monica Beach by buses for fun in the sun. On the beach, I explored the water and played volleyball and was able to ask a lot more questions from my admissions officer and get to know more about my fellow Floridians. We concluded the day with a fancy dinner on the beach and then went back to campus. The dinner was on a balcony overlooking the beach where we were served tacos along with drinks like horchata (Mexican-style horchata is the most commonly known variety in the US. However, horchata actually originated in Spain, and there are various types of horchatas throughout the Spanish-speaking world). I made friends with a student from another house, Fleming, so I was able to explore a new house and spent the balance of the evening walking around the campus. Fleming’s house is a lot different from Page because its hallways are made out of stone and looks older than Page House. In contrast, Page looks like an air-conditioned facility. Flemings looked like a maze and was practically a maze with different stairways and houses. I think there are three stories with one story being underground. There is a library in Flemming along with a laundry room. The dorms are really nice and spacious and it’s like stepping into another world.  

Day 3

On the third day we explored NASA’s infamous Jet Propulsion Lab. This was a very early morning, but a highlight of the trip. Since the JPL is an extension of Caltech, lots of students are able to receive internships at the lab. It is approximately 10 minutes away from campus. We explored different places and learned about the different technologies used in JPL. We also had the opportunity to look at the white room, which is a massive sterile room used to build rockets, and the control room of the launching of the rockets. After JPL, we returned to campus to attend mock lectures. I had a mock lecture with Professor Antonio Rangel on Bayesian Statistics. Overall, the lecture was interactive and we were able to ask lots of questions. We collaborated with other students to solve math problems, which I feel is reflective of Caltech’s teaching philosophy. I only attended one lecture but there were three available. After that, we had lab tours and I explored the biology lab. I really liked this part of the visit as I was doing research in biology and saw a lot of connections between what I was currently doing in high school and the opportunities I would have at Caltech. Afterwards, we had some downtime that my friends and I used to explore the gym and rock climbing facilities. It was also really easy to talk to faculty members, and my friends talked to the coach about their sports and were able to attend a track practice. Afterwards, we had an admissions and financial aid session and closing remarks and downtime. 

What We Learned About Admissions and Financial Aid

The session reinforced much of the guidance learned in the Cohort. Caltech emphasizes taking the most rigorous classes that are available to you. This not only means classes available at your high school, but through your school district, dual enrollment program, or through your state’s virtual school options. They are test blind because their research indicates that admitted students who submit test scores and those who do not submit test scores perform similarly academically. Consequently, during the Caltech admissions review process, instead of test scores, they look for: creativity, curiosity in STEM, resilience, a collaborative spirit, and an outlet (something else that you do when you are stressed). These traits come from Caltech’s rigorous academics and the admissions formula that they use has been developed by identifying the type of students who thrive at Caltech. They are looking for students who not only are interested in STEM, but are also resilient enough in their approach to their academics to handle the curriculum. In my opinion, one of the best things about Caltech is their Honor Code. This allows students to take-home tests and engage in collaboration, even on homework, as a means of achieving shared academic growth—the exact type of collaboration that would be expected in the workplace after entering your post-college career. An important tip that the admissions officer shared is not to write about how you struggled in STEM classes or that you do not like STEM. Instead, if you struggled with STEM classes, you should focus on how you overcame any challenges or obstacles. Caltech also accepts extended portfolios such as for research, visual arts, performance arts, etc., to submit as supplements to your application. 

Since less than 50% of applicants submit research, having a research portfolio could provide you with a competitive edge. They also require two letters of recommendation, The first LOR must be from a math or science teacher who can provide insight into your math or science skills. The second LOR must be from a humanities teacher where you engaged in intensive writing. This teacher should speak strongly about your writing skills. They also allow one optional teacher recommendation. Last year, there were 103 CUCers, 89 of whom eventually applied for admission to Caltech. 47 (52.8%) of the CUCers who applied were admitted. In my group this year, there were around 200 CUCers. Caltech expects to offer admission to about 50 of the CUCers who apply, so the admissions rate of CUCers will likely be lower. 

The college research activity in the cohort curriculum providing guidance in researching a school’s Common Data Set (see below) was consistent with what we were learning from admissions officers. However, there were that we learned from admissions officers as a result of the fly-in experience were:

While the CDS indicates that Academic GPA is “Important,” the admissions officers stressed that grades in STEM classes are “Very Important.” They also provided insight into some of the big reasons that Caltech rejects applicants: low grades, lack of effort (as revealed either in the transcript or through recommendations), making false statements on their application, or simply having no more available space in their freshman class. In 2023, of the 16,626 students who applied to Caltech, only 672 were offered admission. 167 students were placed on the waitlist and 15 were eventually admitted from the waitlist. My biggest takeaway from listening to the admissions officers was to show that you can not only change the world but that you are committed to making the sacrifices required to do so, because attending Caltech requires lots of sacrifices. In their admissions process, they are looking for students who demonstrated (through their essays, recommendations, transcript, leadership, and service) a “never enough” mentality.

— I’m Tuyen Nguyen, a member of the Pinellas County School Cohort in St. Petersburg, Florida

Williams College Fly-in (WOW)

The WOW fly-in program provides about 150 high-achieving seniors a fully funded opportunity to visit campus and experience the Williams community. WOW is a selective program open to rising seniors in the U.S. and Puerto Rico; preference is given to high-achieving students who couldn’t otherwise afford to visit Williams.

WOW participants stay in dorms with current students, attend classes, meet with professors, and learn about our admission process and extraordinary All-Grant financial aid program. There are two ways to apply:

  • Students may complete the full WOW application form, including a high school transcript (screenshots or pictures of the transcript are accepted) and an essay submitted for an English or social science class during the 2024-2025 academic school year.
  • Students who applied to the QuestBridge College Prep Scholars (CPS) program can re-use that application for WOW.

Please encourage your students to apply using this link by August 1, and feel free to contact us with any questions.

Thank you, as always, for all your help and partnership. I hope the rest of your semester goes smoothly!

Best wishes,

Carolina Echenique
Associate Director of Admission 
Williams College
 
Tel: 413.597.2211 | Questions about WOW? | Web: https://www.williams.edu/admission-aid/
 photo of students having class outside under an autumn tree  students dancing outdoors  four students sitting on the quad smiling

Yale Multicultural Open House (MOH)

The Office of Undergraduate Admissions is delighted to announce that the application for Yale’s student fly in program, Yale in MOHtion, September 26-28, 2025 is now live.

Students may apply now »

The application is due by July 1, and decisions will be released via email early August. Yale will cover the cost of transportation and lodging for selected participants through our travel agency. Additional details are below, and Frequently Asked Questions are on our website.

About Yale in MOHtion

Yale in MOHtion is a three-day two-night program that centers Yale’s Multicultural Open House (MOH). This fully funded program will allow participants to engage Yale’s cultural centers, student groups, faculty, and resource centers, through panels, performances, showcases, and tours. Participants will also complete a college application workshop and experience Yale’s residential college system. 

Yale in MOHtion is scheduled for Friday, September 26 – Sunday, September 28. The program will serve 50 high school seniors who would otherwise be unable to travel to New Haven to participate in the MOH.  

Applying for Yale in MOHtion will not affect a student’s chances of admission to Yale College.

About the Yale’s Multicultural Open House (MOH)

The Multicultural Open House was created in 1992 to celebrate the many intersecting identities of Yale students. Through a one-day program, prospective students and their families can get a glimpse into the resources, opportunities, and campus partners that exist to support and encourage students of all backgrounds. At the center of the program is the opportunity to access our four cultural centers: the Afro-American Cultural Center (est. 1969), the Asian American Cultural Center (est. 1981),  La Casa Cultural  (est. 1974) and the  Native American Cultural Center (1993). These centers serve as a home base for dozens of student organizations, a place to discuss issues of identity and social justice, and as a space where students, faculty, and staff come together to find community.

The Multicultural Open House includes campus tours, student life and campus partner panels, academic resources, and student performances. The event also features the Chaplain’s office, the Office of Educational Opportunity, the Office of LGBTQ Resources, and Undergraduate Financial Aid.

About Yale

Yale is a world-class research university with an uncommon commitment to undergraduate education. All undergraduate students enroll in a single college, offering 80+ majors in a flexible liberal arts curriculum. Yale’s 6,500 undergraduate students come from all 50 states and over 70 foreign countries. More than 50% of students identify as members of racial/ethnic minority groups and one in three are first-generation college students or are from a lower-income background. The Yale College graduation rate is 98%.

Every Yale student is randomly assigned to one of fourteen Residential Colleges. Each is a close-knit community that serves as a microcosm of Yale’s diverse student population while preserving the intimacy of a smaller college. Faculty and advisors affiliated with each College form an integrated support system, and students access additional advising through the Center for Teaching and LearningStudy Abroad Office, Fellowships and Funding Office, and the Office of Career Strategy. Students celebrate their identities in four cultural centersdesigned to create a home for students of a shared background and inform the larger community.   

Yale’s financial aid meets 100% of every family’s need without loans. The average Yale grant is more than $70,000 per academic year, and families with incomes below $75,000 receive a financial aid award that covers the full cost of tuition, housing, meals, and travel, as well as health insurance coverage and a $2,000 start-up grant. Families can estimate their Yale cost in three minutes with the MyinTuition Quick Cost Estimator.

Questions and Next Steps

Additional details and frequently asked questions are available on our website

If you have questions about the application or program, please email the admissions office

Jorge Anaya
Senior Assistant Director of Admissions for Student Access Programming

Teach Brother Teach Fellowship Program

Requirements

For men to be eligible to become and or maintain their fellowship status, they must meet the following criteria:

  • Enrollment in a Teacher Education Degree Program
  • Minimum GPA of 2.75
  • Attendance in all seminars, workshops, and mentoring/coaching sessions
  • Participation in Fundisha Center supplemental Education programs
  • 3 year commitment to teach in an urban public district or charter school in the Capital District

Benefits

  • Full Tuition Scholarship
  • $5,000 yearly Stipend
  • Professional Development Workshops, seminars and Training
  • Job placement assistance
  • Mentorship and coaching from experienced Black Male teachers or administrators
  • Access to an emergency support fund
  • Membership in a Black Male Teacher cadre

The program goals are to  

  1. increase the number of Black male educators teaching in Capital District public schools;
  2. Build the capacity of educators to provide culturally centered and responsive pedagogy;
  3. Expose Black high school and college students to the teaching profession and encourage them to pursue teaching careers.
  4. Provide supplemental educational services and cultural enrichment to students in the Capital District and;
  5. Improve the educational outcomes for Black students in the Capital District.
 

The Teach Brother Teach Fellowship Program is a multi-year program designed to inspire, recruit, and support Black men to become elementary and secondary school teachers. TBT will provide financial, academic, social, and professional development support to men for education, training, and career guidance. Eligible Applicants  must :

  1. Be a citizen, legal permanent resident, or national of the United States
  2. Identify as Black or African American
  3. Identify as male
  4. Have a minimum GPA of 2.75
  5. Be accepted to a Teacher Education program 

Click here to visit website: https://fundishacenter.org/teach-brother-teach-fellowship-application/

The Generation Google Scholarship

The Generation Google Scholarship

At Google, we believe information should be universally accessible. Our education and scholarship programs aim to inspire and help students become future leaders in computing and technology by breaking down the barriers that prevent them from entering these fields.

The Generation Google Scholarship was established to help aspiring computer scientists excel in technology and become leaders in the field. Selected students will receive 10,000 USD (for those studying in the US) or 5,000 CAD (for those studying in Canada).

Click here to visit website: https://buildyourfuture.withgoogle.com/scholarships

 

Nina’s Story and Your Opportunities

Continued from my February 2025 newsletter…

Nina is a recent graduate of Middle Tennessee State University with a BS in Aerospace, which includes a concentration in Unmanned Aircraft Systems. Nina is a member of our church and was a participant in our Turner Chapel AME College Cohort throughout high school. Beginning as a middle school student, she participated in the OBAP ACE Academy during each summer throughout high school, receiving her private pilot’s license and drone certification.

Nina was a hard worker throughout high school. She was a longtime Girl Scout, earning her Gold Award, and a varsity athlete. Throughout high school, Nina never wavered in her passion for flying. However, after entering college, Nina found the costs associated with continuing in the professional pilot’s program at Middle Tennessee State prohibitive so she pivoted into the Unmanned Aircraft Systems Operations Concentration. As a result of pivoting to this major, and already having a drone certification, Nina landed a job immediately after graduation with a company as a drone pilot and researcher.

Watch Nina’s flight video (https://youtu.be/9I3ijxuOlfU?si=GjeQNhDebCdLO1iE).

This is a critically important consideration outlined in How to Plan Your Career or College Pathway. Following are important considerations, together with the page numbers if you choose to read more:

  • Explore the 16 National Career Clusters to identify which clusters are available in your school or school district (page xiii)
  • Keep in mind that any of these career clusters can lead into the workplace, military, or college (page xiii)
  • Be aware that whatever your future educational or career aspirations are, there are 3 basic pathways after high school: work, military, college (page 1)
  • Begin “aligning” the classes that you are taking in school with your “aspirations” after high school (page 4)
  • Begin thinking more about what it will mean to enter the workplace, military, or college after high school (page 8)
  • What is your reason for learning? (page 10)

There is no need to wait until you are a high school senior to given serious thought to your career or college pathway. As soon as you experience your first elementary school Career Day or have an experience that inspires you to explore a particular career pathway, begin thinking about the K-12 plan that would “align” with your career pathway. 

 

Robert’s Story and Your Opportunities

Continued from my February 2025 newsletter…

From 2017 through 2018 we spent 2 years working with Robert. We met with Robert and his parents one Saturday per month throughout the school year. Robert was an accomplished dancer and gifted in the arts. He was in the Guilford County All-County Choir, North Carolina Honors Choir, and North Carolina All State Choir. Robert was also academically accomplished with a 4.1 GPA, ranked in the top 20% of his high school class, and enrolled in multiple AP classes.

During each meeting, Robert worked through lessons in our online curriculum taken from our book, A High School Plan for Students with College-Bound Dreams. While Robert began the process with a desire to attend an in-state school (i.e., North Carolina State or North Carolina A&T), he received his largest scholarship offer from George Mason, where he has since attended and graduated with a BS in Community Health with a concentration in clinical science.

During his time at George Mason, Robert continued building his résumé through his participation in many campus-based organizations, serving as a Mason Ambassador, working in the George Mason Office of Admissions, and volunteering with our foundation. Robert is now an elementary school teacher and has been selected as the Outstanding New Teacher of the Year in his Virginia school district. He is about to receive his M.Ed in Curriculum and Instruction with a focus in Elementary Education and is researching Ph.D programs.

Robert’s college-bound pathway has several important components that any student who wants to qualify for more institutional scholarships and avoid student loan debt should consider. Click below to learn what you should be doing.

As a high school junior, the book, our online curriculum, and our 1-on-1 advising guided Robert (pictured on page 2) in developing the “Body of Work” that he would present to his colleges as a high school senior. Following are examples of what you should do PRIOR to the beginning of your senior year of high school, with page references in the book for further reference:

  • Understand that your college application to most colleges, particularly selective colleges, will undergo a holistic review across the areas of academics, extracurricular activities, personal qualities, and intangibles (page 5)
  • Effective college planning follows a process of backwards mapping, i.e., “Beginning with the End in Mind” (page 9)
  • Your résumé and your profile provide an importance reference point of your competitiveness as a college or scholarship applicant (page 10)
  • See the examples of Kimberly Hadaway’s high school profile and résumé that resulted in her being offered 6 full scholarships (Amherst College, Duke University, Princeton University, Vanderbilt University, Washington & Lee University, and Williams College) (pages 12-13)
  • View Kimberly’s video discussing the process (https://youtu.be/NaBLrN2H9xI?si=kCos0_OkV9cYaIGp)
  • See the examples of Kristen Starks high school profile and résumé that resulted in her being offered 3 full scholarships (Tuskegee University, and the University of Richmond, Wake Forest University) (pages 14-15)
  • View Kristen’s video discussing the process of packaging (https://youtu.be/gCgPDKmWu14?si=W2qV72dYTSocFjTg)

Start building your college list based on your aspirations and your family’s financial need (page 17)

Where are our sons? Part II

In part I of this series of posts I shared the above photo of my sons, who at the time were in elementary school and middle school. I was inspired to continue this series in response to a discussion with a participant in a workshop session that I presented in January 2025 at the South Carolina Alliance of Black School Educators conference held in Charleston, South Carolina. While my workshop was not actually focused on increasing Black male achievement, during the question and answer part of the session, I made the statement, “Most Black males who are successfully navigating their way into high levels of academic achievement are doing so in spite of us rather than because of us.” I was challenged by one of the attendees, a former superintendent of schools, who admittedly had a long history of success at various levels of education. While I acknowledged his success, I remained adamant that his success was not the norm, a point which he continued to disagree with. Through these posts, I am sharing student achievement data, which paints a bleak picture regarding Black male achievement as Alfred Tatum notes in “Engaging African American Males in Reading:”

The field of education is saturated with studies documenting the poor performance and achievement deficits of African American males throughout their school years. National reading achievement data continue to indicate that as a group, African American males—particularly adolescents in middle and high school classrooms—are not performing well.

My goal in this series is not to convince anyone to do anything as the reality is that Black boys would be reading at higher levels if more people were concerned with their reading levels. If you are a superintendent, principal, teacher, coach, parent, community program director, youth pastor, or student—if you were concerned with the deplorably low reading levels of Black students (or if you are a student), you would be doing something.

As I wrote in the first post in this series, any of these people can blame someone else for the fact that the majority of Black students are not proficient readers as in the story of Everybody, Somebody, Anybody, and Nobody:

Everybody was sure that Somebody would do it. Anybody could have done it, but Nobody did. Somebody got angry about it, because it was Everybody’s job. Everybody thought Anybody could do it, but Nobody realized that Everybody wouldn’t do it. It ended up that Everybody blamed Somebody when Nobody did what Anybody could have.

So I am not trying to convince anyone to do anything. My goal is to help those who are interested in knowing just how tragically low the academic performance of our boys are and the actions they can take if they are interested in making a difference.

Let’s Begin with Reading

Reading is a foundational academic skill. It is how children make sense of the world around them, how to navigate from one place to another, how to cook a meal, how to repair a bicycle, and how to engage in virtually every other subject in school. Now, perhaps more than at any time in history, children have access to virtually any information through videos, podcasts, and social media. These mediums, together with text messaging, contribute to our children becoming less proficient readers and writers. They are simply receiving their information from sources other than reading.

The following tables of Black student performance in reading at 4th grade, 8th grade, and 12th grade indicates that the percentage of students who are proficient or advanced readers decreases between 4th grade and 8th grade and is relatively unchanged by 12th grade with over 80 percent of students reading at a basic level or below at 4th, 8th, and 12th grades.

2022 Reading Performance of Black 4th Graders

2022 Reading Performance of Black 8th Graders

2019 Reading Performance of Black 12th Graders

Students who are reading at the basic level or below are ill-prepared to perform well in a college-prep high school curriculum, on the ASVAB in preparation for military enlistment, or to read manuals associated with any type of trade certification. Therefore, our concern must be to increase the percentages of Black students reading on a proficient or advanced level:

4th Grade:

  • 14 percent of Black students are proficient in reading
  • 3 percent of Black students are reading on an advance level

8th Grade:

  • 15 percent of Black students are proficient in reading
  • 1 percent of Black students are reading on an advance level

12th Grade:

  • 16 percent of Black students are proficient in reading
  • 1 percent of Black students are reading on an advance level

The data tells us that less than 2 in 10 Black 4th graders moving into middle school are reading at the level required to perform well in advanced middle school classes (which qualify for high school credit); less than 2 – 10 Black 8th graders moving into high school are reading at a level required to perform well in advanced high school classes (i.e., honors, AP, IB, dual enrollment), on the SAT/ACT exams, or adequately prepared to pursue career or college pathways. These assertions will become clearer as I examine NAEP math and science performance and ACT exam performance in future posts.

The EducationWeek article, “Researchers Created a Phonics Program With ‘Dramatic’ Results. How It Works” (Sarah Schwartz 1/17/25) notes:

Decades of research have shown that phonics instruction—teaching children how letters represent sounds, and how to blend those sounds together to make words—is the most effective way to get beginning readers to start decoding words. But on average, effect sizes in this research are moderate. Some programs work better than others. And that’s led to confusion about how much phonics to teach, and for how long.

As the “science of reading” movement has spread, at least 40 states and the District of Columbia have passed legislation or enacted policies requiring that schools use evidence-based approaches to teaching students how to read. This almost always includes a mandate for systematic, explicit phonics instruction. Some states have issued lists of approved programs. In this landscape, identifying what works—and why—has taken on a new urgency.

While I appreciate the efforts of the researchers, my wife and I cannot help but to be amused by the “Dramatic” results discovered by these researchers, when over 25 years ago we introduced our sons to “Hooked on Phonics!” and advocated for phonics instruction at every parent presentation over the past 25 years. Our older son who has a BA in English from Amherst College is writing his first book, focused on essay writing. In a recent conversation he mused:

I remember that when I was in pre-k, mom worked with me every day with the ‘Hooked on Phonics’ tapes until I was a fluent reader. I also remember that throughout elementary school, she made me write down words that I either did not understand or had difficulty sounding out. She then made me write down the definition and phonetically how the word sounded. I also remember how she would have me write stories each week in which I used all of the words that I had written in my notebook during the week, which really helped me to become a creative writer and storyteller. Subsequently, I was reading on a high school reading level prior to entering middle school and entered Amherst College with a vocabulary comparable to that of private and boarding school students.

Want to Change Outcomes — Change Strategies

Step 1:The way to become a better reader is to read: If you have access to a program like “Hooked on Phonics” then use it. If not, just get some books and get started.

Step 2:Choose the right books: Rather than limiting the choice of books to so-called grade-level appropriate books, consider Alfred Tatum’s advice:

We need to shore up the resilience of African American adolescent males, particularly struggling readers attending public schools in low-income areas. Identifying texts that can shape positive life outcome trajectories for African American males—who constitute 7 percent of the school-age population (4 million of 53 million)—is a significant challenge. Must-read texts have four characteristics: They are intellectually exciting for both students and teachers, they serve as a roadmap and provide apprenticeship, they challenge students cognitively, and they help students apply literacy skills and strategies independently. More specifically, must-read texts should

  • Engage students in authentic discussions in which they can analyze their realities in the context of the curriculum and discuss strategies for overcoming academic and societal barriers.
  • Address students’ cognitive and affective domains, taking into account students’ cultural characteristics.
  • Connect the social, the economic, and the political to the educational.
  • Acknowledge that developing skills, increasing test scores, and nurturing students’ identities are fundamentally compatible.
  • Resolve the either-or dilemma of focusing on skill development versus developing intelligence by offering challenges that satisfy both requirements.
  • Serve as soft role models in the absence of physically present male role models by providing motivation, direction, and hope for the future and suggesting what is worthwhile in life.

In essence, Dr. Tatum is telling to identify literature that boys are interested in reading, whether about people, historical facts, societal issues, or learning a skill.

Step 3:Make a commitment: In my February newsletter I examined the importance of engaging in setting goals at the beginning of each school year; engaging in a mid-year assessment and setting goals for the second semester of the school year; and engaging in a year-end assessment and planning classes for the next school year. Any teacher, parent, coach, mentor, faith leader, or community leader should be able to understand how these 3 moments in time, during each school year from kindergarten through the 11th grade, should reveal if Black boys are proficient readers, while providing 36 opportunities for intervention.

Step 4: Create a Book Club: One school created a “Back Pack Book Club” where students were responsible for always having a book in their back pack and reading quietly before school and after lunch. Another school created book worm visuals with each student setting a goal as to the number of books they would read each week. Our college planning cohort in Guilford County Schools began as a Black male book club.

Every organization working with Black students, albeit an athletic camp, fraternity, sorority, Boys & Girls Club, YMCA, Links, Jack & Jill, etc. should create a book club. Select books pertaining to your core mission, whether it your mission is focused on study skills, etiquette, career planning, social development, character development, or leadership. In this manner, you will easily identify struggling readers and have the opportunity to make them better readers and communicators. While hands-on learning is the first developmental area of learning, reading is the foundation for navigating all areas of learning in K-12 education in preparation for what comes after high school..

Step 5: Read Aloud: To ensure reading proficiency, students must read aloud so that you can hear how they are sounding out words, grasping concepts, and developing reading comprehension.

Step 6: Establish Your Expectations: Expect less social media engagement and more reading engagement. Require students to write book reports or to provide narrative summaries of their reading.

Step 7: Incorporate into All Learning: Incorporate reading into all learning by engaging boys in reading video game instruction books; schedules; product descriptions; and food labels. In essence, connect anything that they want to reading.

Step 8: Develop an At-home Library: Collect books and develop a library so that students have easy access to books and encourage students to identify favorite authors and genres. Consider 3 of my books to kickstart an at-home library:

Step 9: Develop a Vocabulary Book: Use a composition notebook to record words that a student has difficulty pronouncing or does not know the meaning. Write down the definition and phonetic spelling. Use the words to create stories.

I believe that anyone charged with teaching, raising, or mentoring Black males should read my bookEmpowering African American Males: Teaching, Parenting, and Mentoring Successful Black Boys.

ISBN: 978-1880463-69-7
Publication Date: 2007
8.5 x 11, 416 pages | $24.95 

Click here to purchase